Difference between geostationary and sun synchronous satellite pdf

Noaa nesdis geostationary and polar orbiting satellites. The orbital plane of a sunsynchronous orbit must also precess. A satellite in a sun synchronous orbit would usually be at an altitude of between 600 to 800 km. The smallest inclination that a satellite can be launched into is that of the launch sites latitude, so launching the satellite from close to the equator limits the amount of inclination change needed later. The yellow areas shows what part of earth each satellite sees during its orbit. How sunsynchronous orbits differ from geosynchronous. What is the difference between a geosynchronous and. Feb 11, 2012 sun synchronous means rotating around the sun, e. The orbits are circular, with an altitude between 830 morning orbit and 870 afternoon orbit km, and are sun synchronous. Theres a sweet spot above the earth where a satellite can match the same rotation of the earth. Cell phones, television and gps tracking systems can all work using a satellite system, but understanding the difference between low earth orbit satellite leos and geostationary satellites geos can help one determine which of the. A sunsynchronous orbit is a nearly polar orbit around a planet, in which the satellite passes. The advantage of such orbital placement is that it has constant sunlight that ultimately helps in imaging, spying, and weather satellite.

Geo synchronous and sun synchronous satellites slideshare. While geosynchronous satellites can have any inclination, the key. What is difference between geostationary,geosynchronous. In this orbit, the satellite is placed in a way so that the angle between the orbital plane and the line joining earth and the sun remains constant. To get into equatorial orbit, a satellite must be launched from a place on earth close to the. What is geostationary satellite and sun synchronous.

Geo synchronous as the name itself suggests, is an orbit which is synchronized with the earths rotation to its own axis. What are the differences between geostationary satellites and sun. This special position in high earth orbit is known as a geosynchronous orbit. These orbits allows a satellite to pass over a section of the earth at the same time of day. A geosynchronous orbit is an orbit around a planet which has the same orbital period as the planets rotation period. Polar sun synchronous orbit a polar sun synchronous orbit, which is also known as a heliosynchronous orbit is a near polar orbit around the earth where actually the satellite is placed. But there is one primary difference between them and other orbiting. More technically, it is an orbit arranged so that it precesses through one complete revolution each year, so it always maintains the same relationship with the sun. A study was conducted to demonstrate the development of an extension of the sun synchronous orbit, which as per definition is a finite resource similar to a geostationary orbit, the extension to. Sunsynchronous orbits a sunsynchronous orbit is an orbit around the earth, where the movement of the satellite always looks the same when viewed from the sun. Satellites orbit in various times depending on their altitude. Hence, an object in geo synchronous will always appear stationary at all times from earth.

Orbital perturbation analysis spacecraft analemma geosynchronous orbit. Geostationary satellites are used to provide continuous service over a large and wide area. Geostationary satellites are launched to the east into a prograde orbit that matches the rotation rate of the equator. Introduction the path followed by a satellite is referred to as its orbit. Please give the definitions of a keplerian orbit, b sun synchronous orbit, c geostationary orbit, d polar orbit, e low earth orbit, and f equatorial orbit. The underlying principle of the orbit is closely related to gravity, and it was not clearly explained until newtons theory of gravity was published. Jul 02, 2017 this video is in response to our viewers question. Sep 06, 2006 geostationary means that a satellite is orbiting the earth directly over the same place all the time.

If you have any aerospace question, do ask in the comments below. An orbit with an orbital period of one sidereal day is known as a geosynchronous orbit. A sun synchronous orbit sso, also called a heliosynchronous orbit is a nearly polar orbit around a planet, in which the satellite passes over any given point of the planets surface at the same local mean solar time. Difference between geosynchronous and geostationary orbit. Compare the difference between sun synchronous orbit and geostationary orbit. Geosynchronous vs geostationary satellites tundra orbit. There is a similar difference between satellite images. Geostationary orbits fall in the same category as geosynchronous orbits, but its parked over the equator. But how is this any different from a geostationary orbit. An orbit is a curved path in space, in which celestial objects tend to rotate. Special cases of the sun synchronous orbit are the noonmidnight orbit, where the local mean solar time of passage for equatorial latitudes is around noon or midnight, and the dawndusk orbit, where the local mean solar time of passage for equatorial latitudes is around sunrise or sunset, so that the satellite rides the terminator between day and night. Jun 15, 2015 difference between geostationary and geosynchronous satellite. Dec 09, 2012 geostationary orbit is located 35,786km 22,236 miles above the mean sea level, and the clarke orbit is about 265,000km 165,000 miles long.

The force of attraction between two point mass m1 and m2 separated by a. While geosynchronous satellites can have any inclination, the key difference to geostationary orbit is the fact that they lie on the same plane as the equator. What is the difference between sun synchronous and. There are two other, less serious, problems with geostationary satellites. A geostationary orbit parking orbit is where a satellite is circling the earth in the equitorial plane in an orbit concentric having the same centre with the earth and in the same direction of rotation and has a time period time taken to complete one revolution equal to that of the earth approx. These satellites orbit at an altitude between 700 to 800 km. As shown in the figure, the difference is that throwing something will make it fall. It remains stationary with respect to a single point on the surface of the planet. Many of the leo nearpolar satellite orbits 700 to km are. These satellites placed in geostationary orbit have trouble monitoring activities near the poles. Geo is at an altitude of 35,786 kilometres 22,236 mi above the earths equator and no satellites in geostationary or geosynchronous gso orbit are large enough to reflect sufficient amounts of light towards the observer with their truss and solar panels to be visible to the naked eye on the surface of the earth.

A geostationary satellite has a period of rotation equal to that of earth 24 hours so the satellite always stays over the same location on earth. The circular orbit at the altitude of 35768 kms above the equator of the earth which follows direction of rotation of the earth is known as geostationary orbit. Lets dive into some of the differences between geosynchronous and geostationary orbits. This type of satellite is usually used for communications satellites. The angle between the plane of orbit of the satellite and plane of the equator of earth is called inclination of the orbit. As the name suggests, it has something to do with syncing up with the sun. Dec 09, 2016 sun synchronous orbits these orbits allows a satellite to pass over a section of the earth at the same time of day. Polar orbit means that a satellite orbits the earth over both poles as sweeps different parts of the planet on each orbit. What is the difference between geosynchronous and geostationary orbits. Satellites that take pictures of the earth would work best with bright sunlight. The pslv is the older of the two and the gslv even inherits some of the technologies of the former in its design. Chapter 5 principles of satellite remote sensing iup bremen. What is difference between geostationary,geosynchronous and. A satellite in a sunsynchronous orbit still orbits the earth, but does so in such a way that over the course of the day, its distance to the sun will change in a consistent pattern no matter the time of year.

From the above explanation, it is clear that a geostationary orbit is a type of geosynchronous orbit. A geostationary orbit also known as a geostationary earth orbit, geosynchronous equatorial orbit, or simply geo is a circular orbit located at an altitude of 35,786 kilometers 22,236 miles above the surface of earth with zero inclination to the equatorial plane. Since there are 365 days in a year and 360 degrees in a circle, it means that the satellite has to shift its orbit by approximately one degree per day. This one special quality makes it unique from geosynchronous orbits. Geosynchronous means rotating around the earth, following its path of rotation.

Geostationary orbit is a kind of geosynchronous orbit but with an addition feature. Such a satellite returns to the same position in the sky after each sidereal day, and over the course of a day traces out a path in the sky that is typically some form of analemma. Geostationary vs geosynchronous whats the difference. A satellite in a sunsynchronous orbit still orbits the earth, but does so in such a way that over the course of the day, its distance to the sun will change in a consistent pattern no matter the. What is the difference between geostationary orbit and sun. Difference between geostationary and sunsynchronous satellite.

If the satellite is in a polar, sunsynchronous, or equatorial orbit, its orbital altitude may be medium or it may be low. The period can be in the range from 88 minutes for a very low orbit a 6554 km, i 96 to. While each satellite will complete its orbit in the same time it takes the earth to rotate once, it should be obvious that the geosynchronous satellite will move north and south of the. Geostationary and sun synchronous satellites presented by. A geosynchronous orbit sometimes abbreviated gso is an orbit around earth of a satellite with an orbital period that matches earths rotation on its axis, which. The pslv polar satellite launch vehicle and gslv geosynchronous satellite launch vehicle are two rocket launch systems developed by the indian space research organization, or isro, to launch satellites into orbit. Video showing the difference between a geostationary orbit and a polar orbit. Difference between geosynchronous orbit and geostationary. Both orbit at the same rate as the earth rotates, but a geostationary satellite appears in the same position in the sky because it orbits the equator zero degrees incline to the earth. At 800 km, it will be travelling at a speed of approximately 7. The transfer from gto to sso orbit is designed using a direct optimization method. May 21, 20 geostationary orbit geo if we need a satellite for the purpose which needs this satellites to remain at a particular distance from earth at all the time, then we need circular orbits so all the points on circular orbit are at equal distance from earths surface.

These orbits are used for satellites that need a constant amount of sunlight. A satellite in a sunsynchronous orbit still orbits the earth, but does so in such a way that over the course of the day, its distance to the sun will change in a. One orbits the earth at the same speed that the earth rotates. Geosynchronous vs geostationary orbits gis geography. Mar 05, 2020 difference between geostationary and sun synchronous satellite pdf difference between geostationary and geosynchronous satellite difference between geostationary and sun synchronous satellite upsc. Geo stationary and sun synchronous satellites presented by. Examples show that both the sun synchronicity and the groundtrack repeatability are greatly improved compared to j2based sun synchronous orbits, while the orbit of multiple spacecraft can be. Geo synchronous orbits it is also known as geostationary orbits. What is the difference between geosynchronous and geostationary orbit. Our understanding of orbits dates back to johannes kepler in the 17th century. There is a small difference between geosynchronous and geo stationary orbits. A synchronous satellite is a satellite in synchronous orbit, with an orbital period the same as the earths rotation period. First, the exact position of a geostationary satellite, relative to the surface, varies slightly over the course of each 24hour period because of gravitational interaction among the satellite, the earth, the sun, the moon, and the nonterrestrial planets.

Geostationary orbit is located 35,786km 22,236 miles above the mean sea level, and the clarke orbit is about 265,000km 165,000 miles long. What is the difference between a geostationary and a polar orbit. Sun synchronous orbits these orbits allows a satellite to pass over a section of the earth at the same time of day. A satellite in a sun synchronous orbit still orbits the earth, but does so in such a way that over the course of the day, its distance to the sun will change in a consistent pattern no matter the time of year. A sun synchronous orbit is a special type of a lowearth orbit. Calculating the height of a satellite in geostationary. Launch and ascent to space yellow line becomes the geostationary transfer orbit blue line when the rocket releases the satellite in space on a path to geostationary. Satellites in geostationary orbit are always in a high orbit.

Explain the difference between keplarian orbit and sun synchronous orbit. Polar orbits are also called low earth orbits leos to distinguish from geostationary. Low earth orbit satellite verses geostationary satellites. Molniya orbits and sunsynchronous orbit types of orbits 33. It is high in the skytens of thousands of miles from the ground.

Difference between pslv and gslv difference between. A geosynchronous satellite is a satellite in geosynchronous orbit, with an orbital period the same as the earths rotation period. Geostationary satellites are, in fact, orbiting satellites. A sun synchronous orbit is an orbit around the earth, where the movement of the satellite always looks the same when viewed from the sun. Optimization of sunsynchronous spacecraft constellation. Geosynchronous satellite has inclination with respect to equator. Due to the very low thrust levels, the transfer time to obtain the operational orbit is long 360 days with numerous orbit revolutions 1400. From the launch in 1960 of tirosi, the first weather satellite, to the latest geostationary operational environmental satellite launched in 2006, satellites have revolutionized noaas ability to observe the earth, the atmosphere, the oceans, and space. Figure 2 shows the difference between a geostationary orbit gso and a geosynchronous orbit geo with an inclination of 20 degrees. Preliminary design of a verylowthrust geostationary. A satellite can be natural, like the moon or it can be humanmade like, like the space station. Geo synchronous orbits are those orbits in which object revolves in the same time as taken by earth rotation on its axis.